Nation-wide Broadcast - African Liberation Day
May 26, 1965
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The first conference of the independent African states was held in Accra, Ghana, on April 15, 1958.
It was decided then to celebrate this historic day as African Freedom Day. Until recently, April 15
was celebrated throughout our continent as African Freedom Day.
However, two years ago today in May the Summit Conference of the Independent African States,
whch was convened in Our Capital City of Addis Ababa, decreed that May 25, the day on which the
historic Charter of the Organization of African Unity was signed, be celebrated every year as African
Liberation Day. Accordingly today is celebrated as African Liberation Day.
The African Unity Charter was signed two years ago today. Within this brief period much has been
accomplished that augurs well for African Unity. In accordance with the resolution of the first
Assembly of African Heads of State and Government held in Cairo last year, the headquarters of the
Organization of African Unity has been established here in Addis Ababa. Under its
Secretary-General, His Excellency Mr. Diallo Telli, of Guinea, the Organizaion is successfully
discharging its responsibilities and commitments.
The Ethiopian people, who have struggled and made untold sacrifices for their independence and
freedom for thousands of years -- and independence and freedom for thousands of years -- an
independence that has been a beacon for all of Africa -- today celebrate this day together with all
Africans by consolidating their freedom and independence with the freedom and independence of
their African brothers in the spirit of Modern Ethiopianism.
This year, two sister African states -- Zambia and Gambia -- have won independence and they have
joined the family of independent African states. We share their joy and We extend again, as We did
on the occasion when they won their independence, Our sincere felicitations. We are anxiously
awaiting the day when those Africans in the dependent territories break the shackles of foreign
tutelage and become masters of their own fate.
On this solemn day, all of us must pause and remember the plight of Our African brothers who are
under foreign rule and who are desparately struggling to win their freedom, their basic
fundamental human rights.
Instead of granting their rightful freedom and independence to the indigenous Africans in Angola,
Mozambique and Portuguese Guinea, the Portuguese Government has intensified even more its
campaign of ruthless suppression of African freedom fighters in these territories, under the
outmoded, illogical pretext that these territories are part of Portugal. In concert with the other
African members of the United Nations Organization, Ethiopia has never ceased advocating at
United Nations and other international conferences that the Portuguese Government should grant
independence to each and every territory under its rule.
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The recent events in Southern Rhodesia are cause for alarm -- not only is the fate of the people in
the territory in jeopardy but international peace is also threatened. A white minority Government
in the territory is daily arresting and arbitrarily persecuting African freedom fighters, particularly
their leaders, to suppress the national freedom movements. This minority government has even
taken drastic steps to declare a colonial government. Each and every government and the peoples
of the world who value fundamental human rights, and particularly We Africans, must oppose, with
one voice, this dangerous and unprecedented scheme of the white minority government in the
territory. The United Nations Anti-Colonial Committee of which Ethiopia is a member, is presently
visiting Africa to follow closely the dangerous situation in Southern Rhodesia.
In South Africa and in South-West Africa, the policies of apartheid and oppression are becoming
increasingly unbearable. The South African Government is accelerating its ruthless campaign: a
methodological campaign of arresting daily, detaining without trial and torturing the Africans and
their leaders who are struggling for their fundamental human rights and freedom. All the
peace-loving countries of the world must act together to force the colonial governments of South
Africa and Portugal to desist from these policies -- policies which are inhuman, policies which deny
basic human rights, policies which are detrimental to the peace and security of the entire world --
and grant independence and freedom to these oppressed people.
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The Assembly of the African Heads of State and Government has authorized the Foreign Ministers
of Senegal and Algeria to bring the cases of racial discrimination and oppression in South Africa,
the inhuman colonial rule of the Portuguese Government and the dangerous situation in Southern
Rhodesia, before the Security Council of the United Nations to find permanent solutions to the
unrelenting struggles of the African governments and people. As a result the entire world is today
more conscious of these pressing problems.
From discussions in the United Nations in recent years, We have cause to believe that some
friendly nations fully support the efforts to impose an economic boycott on South Africa and
Portugal; it is unfortunate that some great powers who have been entrusted with the maintenance
of international peace and security have not co-operated in these worthy efforts. These powers are
the main obstacles to an effective economic boycott of South Africa and Portugal.
The establishment of the Organization of African Unity, the concerted action of the member-states
and the pooling of the aid to Our brethren African freedom fighters, have helped to revive and
strengthen as well as intensify the liberation movements throughout Africa. For this We are
grateful to the Liberation Committee of the nine African States, of which Ethiopia is a member. On
this day, we should all recollect with gratitude the support of all those friendly nations in Our
endeavour in the United Nations and other international conferences to free Africa of all the
colonial vestiges.
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It will be recalled that the Cairo Assembly of the Heads of State and Government decided to
convene the Second Assembly of the Heads of State and Government in Accra, Ghana, in September
this year.
Becasue of misunderstandings among certain member states of the Organization of African Unity,
voices have been occasionally raised recently against the convocation of the Assembly in Accra.
Nonetheless, the regular Assembly of the Heads of State and Government was, in the first place,
designed to find peaceful solutions, through deliberations and frank exchange of views to such
misunderstandings among member-states. We believe, therefore, that any change in the venue of
the next Assembly will make no major difference. Consequently We have despatched Our Minister
of State of Foreign Affairs to West Africa, with personal messages form Us, to mediate with the
leaders of the West African states concerned.
We earnestly hope that the member-states of the Organization of African Unity will meet in Accra
in September in accordance with the decision of the first Assembly of the Heads of State and
Government.
On this day, We extend Our fraternal greetings to all Our brethren Africans who are still suffering
under foreign colonial rule. We reiterate that Ethiopia, in co-operation with the member-states of
the Organization of African Unity, will always continue to give her full support for their just
struggles to win their alienable rights to freedom and independence and to be masters of their own
destiny.
May Almighty God assist us in endeavours.
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Haile Selassie the First - May 26, 1965
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